wtfeWays They Frame Engineering
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The United StatesvsBrazil

アメリカとブラジルUSBR

Seen from the United States: each line below describes Brazil relative to the United States.

Swap: see the United States from Brazil

Culture Map: eight scales

Erin Meyer's eight scales, sorted by how far apart the United States and Brazil sit, largest gap first.

Filled dot: the United States, where you are looking fromHollow ring: Brazil

Where you will notice the difference7 scales

  1. Trusting

    Brazil builds trust through personal relationships more than the United States (5 steps)

    The United States −3, Brazil +2, on a line from −3 (Task-based) to +3 (Relationship-based).

  2. Communicating

    Brazil leaves more to be read between the lines than the United States (3 steps)

    The United States −3, Brazil 0, on a line from −3 (Low-context) to +3 (High-context).

  3. Persuading

    Brazil wants the theory before the conclusion more than the United States (3 steps)

    The United States +3, Brazil 0, on a line from −3 (Principles-first) to +3 (Applications-first).

  4. Scheduling

    Brazil treats plans as more flexible than the United States (3 steps)

    The United States −1, Brazil +2, on a line from −3 (Linear time) to +3 (Flexible time).

  5. Leading

    Brazil keeps more distance between boss and team than the United States (2 steps)

    The United States −1, Brazil +1, on a line from −3 (Egalitarian) to +3 (Hierarchical).

  6. Evaluating

    Brazil gives negative feedback more indirectly than the United States (1 step)

    The United States 0, Brazil +1, on a line from −3 (Direct negative feedback) to +3 (Indirect negative feedback).

  7. Disagreeing

    Brazil avoids open disagreement more than the United States (1 step)

    The United States 0, Brazil +1, on a line from −3 (Confrontational) to +3 (Avoids confrontation).

Where you are close1 scale

  1. Deciding

    The United States and Brazil sit on the same step

    The United States +1, Brazil +1, on a line from −3 (Consensual) to +3 (Top-down).

Positions are read by eye from Erin Meyer's published charts and rounded to seven steps. A step means “further towards that pole”, not a measured distance. How the positions were read

Hofstede: six dimensions

Scores from 0 to 100, sorted by the gap between the United States and Brazil. They describe national averages, not either country's character.

  1. Uncertainty avoidance

    Brazil scores 30 points higher than the United States (76 against 46)

    The United States 46, Brazil 76, on a line from 0 (Tolerant of ambiguity) to 100 (Avoids ambiguity).

  2. Power distance

    Brazil scores 29 points higher than the United States (69 against 40)

    The United States 40, Brazil 69, on a line from 0 (Low power distance) to 100 (High power distance).

  3. Individualism

    Brazil scores 24 points lower than the United States (36 against 60)

    The United States 60, Brazil 36, on a line from 0 (Collectivist) to 100 (Individualist).

  4. Long-term orientation

    Brazil scores 22 points lower than the United States (28 against 50)

    The United States 50, Brazil 28, on a line from 0 (Short-term) to 100 (Long-term).

  5. Motivation towards achievement and success

    Brazil scores 13 points lower than the United States (49 against 62)

    The United States 62, Brazil 49, on a line from 0 (Consensus-oriented) to 100 (Decisive).

  6. Indulgence

    Brazil scores 9 points lower than the United States (59 against 68)

    The United States 68, Brazil 59, on a line from 0 (Restrained) to 100 (Indulgent).

Country averages. About 80% of variation in values is between people inside a country (Taras et al. 2016).Source: The Culture Factor — Country comparison tool (2026).About the Hofstede dimensions

What the sources say, theme by theme

Entries for the United States and Brazil, side by side on wide screens. Each keeps its own confidence label and citations.

Design & quality

United States3 claims

  • At Google, engineers write a relatively informal design doc before writing code. According to Malte Ubl (2020), the point is not an exhaustive specification but a record of the trade-offs and alternatives considered.

    Thin1 source2020us-design-1

  • Ubl says a design doc should be as long as necessary and as short as possible, and distinguishes it from a heavyweight waterfall-style specification.

    Thin1 source2015Datedus-design-2

  • Meyer places the United States on the applications-first side of the Persuading scale. A book summary describes this as starting from conclusions and examples and favoring the practical how over the theoretical why.

    Thin1 sourceus-design-3

Brazil2 claims

Failure & risk

United States2 claims

Brazil1 claim

Feedback & code review

United States3 claims

Brazil3 claims

  • The training company Talaera, citing Meyer, writes that negative feedback tends to be wrapped in warmth and delivered in private, and that public criticism easily damages relationships. The behavioral descriptions rest mainly on the authors' own observations.

    Thin1 source2026br-feedback-1

  • In an HR magazine interview, Erin Meyer names Latin America as one of the "really indirect" parts of the world for negative feedback.

    Attested1 source2014Datedbr-feedback-2

  • Talaera says that instead of a plain "no," phrases such as "we can try" or "I'll do my best" can signal concern or refusal.

    Thin1 source2026br-feedback-3

Hierarchy & decisions

United States2 claims

Brazil2 claims

Communication & docs

United States4 claims

Brazil2 claims

  • A summary of Meyer's Culture Map places Brazil on the side where trust is built through personal relationships, close to China and Saudi Arabia. Small talk at the start of a meeting is described as part of the work.

    Thin1 sourcebr-communication-1

  • Talaera says written English tends to be on the formal side and asynchronous replies tend to be long and warm, and it recommends video calls over audio-only calls.

    Thin1 source2026br-communication-2

Work & careers

United States5 claims

  • According to the BLS, median employee tenure in January 2024 was 3.9 years overall, the lowest since January 2002. In the private sector it was 3.5 years.

    Well attested1 source2024us-work-1

  • At-will employment is the default in every state except Montana. Unless the reason is illegal, either the employer or the employee can end the employment relationship at any time.

    Well attested1 sourceus-work-2

  • According to layoffs.fyi figures cited by TechCrunch, tech layoffs in 2024 exceeded 150,000 people at 549 companies. The peak was 2023, with about 260,000.

    Attested1 source2024us-work-3

  • In the Stack Overflow Developer Survey 2025, 45% of US respondents work fully remote, the highest share among the top responding countries. Median salaries were $200k for engineering managers, $175k for back-end developers, and $138k for full-stack developers.

    Well attested1 source2025us-work-4

  • In Staff Engineer (2021), Will Larson sorts Staff+ individual-contributor roles, which do not require becoming a manager, into four archetypes: Tech Lead, Architect, Solver, and Right Hand.

    Attested1 source2021us-work-5

Brazil4 claims

Open source & community

United States2 claims

  • According to Octoverse 2025, the number of US developers on GitHub grew from 10.2 million in 2020 to 28 million in 2025, the most of any country. The US ranks second to India in open source contributors and first in total contributions.

    Well attested1 source2025us-oss-1

  • The same Octoverse 2025 report says the US, UK, and Canada more than doubled their developer counts from 2020 to 2025, while India and Brazil more than quadrupled. Its 2030 projection puts India ahead of the United States.

    Well attested1 source2025us-oss-2

Brazil3 claims