Long-term orientation
長期志向
Whether a society favours tradition and quick results or pragmatism and future rewards.
Long-term orientation: BR 28, IL 47, PL 49, US 50, IN 51, UA 51, DE 57, NORD 57 (SE 52, NO 55, DK 59, FI 63), UK 60, FR 60, NL 67, CN 77, KR 86, JP 100.
NORD is drawn as a span over its members: SE 52, NO 55, DK 59, FI 63.
Country averages. About 80% of variation in values is between people inside a country (Taras et al. 2016).
Source: The Culture Factor country comparison tool, current values (revised around 2023), retrieved 2026.
Positions as text
| Country or region | Score |
|---|---|
| Brazil BR | 28 |
| Israel IL | 47 |
| Poland PL | 49 |
| United States US | 50 |
| India IN | 51 |
| Ukraine UA | 51 |
| Germany DE | 57 |
| The Nordics NORD | 57 (mean of SE 52, NO 55, DK 59, FI 63) |
| United Kingdom UK | 60 |
| France FR | 60 |
| Netherlands NL | 67 |
| China CN | 77 |
| South Korea KR | 86 |
| Japan JP | 100 |
The two ends
- Left end Short-term
- Traditions and established norms are kept, change is viewed with suspicion, and quick results are expected.
- Right end Long-term
- Pragmatic: traditions are adapted to new conditions, people save and invest, and they persevere for future results.
What it is built from
Added later. It first came from Michael Bond's Chinese Value Survey (thrift, persistence, respect for tradition) and was re-estimated from World Values Survey items by Michael Minkov.
Six dimensions from Geert Hofstede's research, which began with an IBM employee survey in 1967 to 1973 and was extended by later replications. The scores are The Culture Factor's current values, revised around 2023, on a 0 to 100 line.
Limits: these are national averages. About 80% of variation in values lies between people inside a country, and applying a country score to an individual is the ecological fallacy. How to read these scales