PolandvsUkraine
ポーランドとウクライナPLUA
Seen from Poland: each line below describes Ukraine relative to Poland.
Culture Map: eight scales
Erin Meyer's eight scales, sorted by how far apart Poland and Ukraine sit, largest gap first.
Filled dot: Poland, where you are looking fromHollow ring: Ukraine
Not placed8 scales
These scales are left unmarked: either Meyer leaves a country off the scale or no source places it, and drawing it anyway would be guessing.
- Communicating, Evaluating, Persuading, Leading, Trusting, Disagreeing, SchedulingNo source places Ukraine on these scales
- DecidingNo source places Poland or Ukraine on this scale
Hofstede: six dimensions
Scores from 0 to 100, sorted by the gap between Poland and Ukraine. They describe national averages, not either country's character.
Motivation towards achievement and success
Ukraine scores 37 points lower than Poland (27 against 64)
Poland 64, Ukraine 27, on a line from 0 (Consensus-oriented) to 100 (Decisive).
Power distance
Ukraine scores 24 points higher than Poland (92 against 68)
Poland 68, Ukraine 92, on a line from 0 (Low power distance) to 100 (High power distance).
Indulgence
Ukraine scores 15 points lower than Poland (14 against 29)
Poland 29, Ukraine 14, on a line from 0 (Restrained) to 100 (Indulgent).
Individualism
Ukraine scores 8 points higher than Poland (55 against 47)
Poland 47, Ukraine 55, on a line from 0 (Collectivist) to 100 (Individualist).
Uncertainty avoidance
Ukraine scores 2 points higher than Poland (95 against 93)
Poland 93, Ukraine 95, on a line from 0 (Tolerant of ambiguity) to 100 (Avoids ambiguity).
Long-term orientation
Ukraine scores 2 points higher than Poland (51 against 49)
Poland 49, Ukraine 51, on a line from 0 (Short-term) to 100 (Long-term).
What the sources say, theme by theme
Entries for Poland and Ukraine, side by side on wide screens. Each keeps its own confidence label and citations.
Design & quality
Poland3 claims
The University of Warsaw won the ICPC World Finals in 2003 and 2007, placed second in 2012 and 2017, and fourth in 2019. Jagiellonian University (Kraków) placed second in 2006.
Well attested2 sources2026pl-design-1
In country scores HackerRank published in 2016, Poland scored about 98 and ranked third, behind China (100) and Russia (99.9). The United States ranked 28th (78).
Attested1 source2016pl-design-2
Poland's Hofstede uncertainty avoidance (UAI) score is very high at 93. The training company Talaera notes that reviews and approvals are expected to come with supporting documents, and proposals without them have a harder time.
Attested2 sources2026pl-design-3
Ukraine2 claims
At the ICPC World Finals, Lviv National University placed fourth in 2008 and Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv placed fourth in 2010, both winning gold medals.
Attested1 source2026ua-design-1
Ukraine's Hofstede uncertainty avoidance (UAI) score is extremely high at 95. The outsourcing firm N-iX (2019) links this to a preference for detailed plans and background explanations. The article is written from the seller's side.
Attested2 sources2026ua-design-2
Failure & risk
Poland2 claims
In GEM data, 52% of people who saw a business opportunity held back from starting a business for fear of failure (2023), above the European average of 45%. Only 2.6% of non-entrepreneurs intend to start a business within three years, far below the European average of 12%.
Well attested2 sources2024pl-failure-1
In the same 2023 GEM survey, 3.4% of adults aged 18-64 had discontinued a business in the previous 12 months, close to the European average of 3.3%. The pandemic was the most common reason (36%), followed by lack of profitability (18%).
Well attested1 source2024pl-failure-2
Ukraine4 claims
In a July-August 2024 Deloitte and AmCham survey of 139 executives at member companies, 76% said prolonged blackouts affect their operations. At the same time, 88% said they were prepared for outages and 94% had or were developing a business continuity plan.
Attested1 source2024ua-failure-1
IT companies are reported to have handled blackouts by setting up coworking spaces with generators and Starlink and by subsidizing employees' backup power.
Thin1 sourceua-failure-2
Central bank figures reported by AIN.UA show IT service exports peaking at $7.3 billion in 2022 and falling to about $6.4 billion in 2024 (down 4.2% year on year). According to dev.ua, exports recovered slightly to about $6.66 billion in 2025.
Attested2 sources2026ua-failure-3
An article by the outsourcing firm Alcor, citing DOU surveys, says 38% of IT workers feel burned out at work. Thirty percent of IT specialists serving in the army receive payments from their IT employer.
Thin1 source2026ua-failure-4
Feedback & code review
Poland2 claims
According to Talaera, Meyer's Culture Map places Poland on the direct side for negative feedback. The company says criticism that concerns a person's performance tends to be given one-on-one.
Thin1 source2026pl-feedback-1
English written by Polish speakers is said to use few softeners and many imperatives, so it can read as more direct than intended. The evidence comes mainly from studies of learners' English writing.
Thin1 source2026pl-feedback-2
Ukraine2 claims
The outsourcing firm N-iX (2019) writes that Ukrainian engineers speak their minds on important technical decisions. This is a seller's claim, and no independent study was found.
Thin1 source2019ua-feedback-1
The recruiting firm unicrew (2026) writes that unless expectations are made explicit, developers may not push back hard on poor technical decisions.
Thin1 source2026ua-feedback-2
Hierarchy & decisions
Poland2 claims
Poland's Hofstede power distance (PDI) score is 68. Talaera says that in traditional organizations people avoid openly contradicting a manager in meetings, and approvals often need a senior signature. Differences by sector and ownership are large.
Attested2 sources2026pl-hierarchy-1
Foreign-owned centers account for 84.3% of employment in the business services sector. Of the 61 centers opened between January 2024 and March 2025, 42.6% were in IT (ABSL 2025).
Attested1 source2025pl-hierarchy-2
Ukraine2 claims
Ukraine scores high on both Hofstede power distance (PDI 92) and uncertainty avoidance (UAI 95). Edge Executive Services (2024) links this to multi-layered organizational hierarchies and a large number of rules.
Attested2 sources2026ua-hierarchy-1
The outsourcing firm Jappware claims that Ukrainian IT companies were early to drop rigid hierarchy and formal communication.
Thin1 sourceua-hierarchy-2
Communication & docs
Poland2 claims
Consultancy guides describe Polish business communication as relatively low-context and direct. They add that very blunt phrasing comes across as needlessly harsh, and that email tends to be more formal than chat.
Thin2 sources2026pl-communication-1
In the EF English Proficiency Index 2025, Poland ranked 15th of 123 countries and regions (score 600), in the top "Very high" band. Test takers are self-selected volunteers.
Attested1 source2025pl-communication-2
- EF EPI 2025: Poland (2025)
Ukraine2 claims
An Alcor article citing DOU surveys says 66% of IT workers work fully remotely.
Thin1 source2026ua-communication-1
N-iX (2019) says formality at first meetings is a sign of respect, and that the one-to-two-hour time difference with Europe makes it easy to overlap working hours. This is a seller's description.
Thin1 source2019ua-communication-2
Work & careers
Poland3 claims
In Bulldogjob's 2024 survey, 50.3% of IT workers were on employment contracts and 37.4% on B2B contracts. Average monthly pay for full-time workers was 22,011 PLN on B2B (net on invoice) and 9,236 PLN on employment contracts (take-home).
Well attested1 source2024pl-work-1
In No Fluff Jobs listings for the first half of 2024, 74% of senior offers included a B2B contract. Among junior offers, employment contracts were the majority at 56%.
Attested1 source2024pl-work-2
About 488,700 people worked in business service centers at the end of Q1 2025, up 6.2% year on year (ABSL 2025).
Attested1 source2025pl-work-3
Ukraine3 claims
In DOU surveys, the share of IT workers registered as FOP (sole proprietors) fell from 87% (2022) to 70% (2024), 57% (2025) and 49% (2026). Workers are moving to Diia.City gig contracts and employment contracts.
Well attested2 sources2026ua-work-1
Diia.City gig contracts, introduced in 2022, carry 5% personal income tax, a 5% military levy and social contributions of 22% of the minimum wage. As of October 2026 the regime had more than 4,600 resident companies covering about 217,000 specialists.
Attested2 sources2026ua-work-2
In DOU's December 2025 survey (4,522 responses), the median developer take-home pay was $3,450. A study by the law firm Juscutum and the Diia.City Union found that about 20% of IT professionals work from abroad.
Attested2 sources2026ua-work-3
Open source & community
Poland2 claims
GitHub's "Made in Poland" collection includes the headless commerce platform Saleor (about 23,000 stars), Software Mansion's react-native-reanimated and the data grid Handsontable (about 22,000).
Attested1 source2026pl-oss-1
In the GitHub Innovation Graph, developer accounts located in Poland grew from about 530,000 in Q1 2020 to about 2.07 million in Q1 2026, roughly a fourfold increase.
Well attested1 source2026pl-oss-2
Ukraine3 claims
GitLab is an open source project that Dmitriy Zaporozhets started at his home in Ukraine in 2011. In 2014 he turned it into a company with Sytse Sijbrandij from the Netherlands.
Attested1 source2022ua-oss-1
Grammarly (a product, not open source) was founded in Kyiv in 2009 by Max Lytvyn, Alex Shevchenko and Dmytro Lider. Its largest engineering hub is still in Kyiv.
Attested2 sources2022ua-oss-2
The developer community DOU.ua's annual survey "Портрет айтівця 2026" (Portrait of an IT specialist) drew 14,631 respondents. The community publishes its own pay and contract data every year.
Well attested1 source2026ua-oss-3
- DOU: Портрет айтівця 2026 (2026)