The NetherlandsvsGermany
オランダとドイツNLDE
Seen from the Netherlands: each line below describes Germany relative to the Netherlands.
Culture Map: eight scales
Erin Meyer's eight scales, sorted by how far apart the Netherlands and Germany sit, largest gap first.
Filled dot: the Netherlands, where you are looking fromHollow ring: Germany
Where you will notice the difference5 scales
Leading
Germany keeps more distance between boss and team than the Netherlands (3 steps)
The Netherlands −3, Germany 0, on a line from −3 (Egalitarian) to +3 (Hierarchical).
Persuading
Germany wants the theory before the conclusion more than the Netherlands (2 steps)
The Netherlands +1, Germany −1, on a line from −3 (Principles-first) to +3 (Applications-first).
Evaluating
Germany gives negative feedback more indirectly than the Netherlands (1 step)
The Netherlands −3, Germany −2, on a line from −3 (Direct negative feedback) to +3 (Indirect negative feedback).
Deciding
Germany leaves decisions to the person in charge more than the Netherlands (1 step)
The Netherlands −2, Germany −1, on a line from −3 (Consensual) to +3 (Top-down).
Scheduling
Germany sticks to fixed plans and deadlines more than the Netherlands (1 step)
The Netherlands −2, Germany −3, on a line from −3 (Linear time) to +3 (Flexible time).
Where you are close3 scales
Communicating
The Netherlands and Germany sit on the same step
The Netherlands −2, Germany −2, on a line from −3 (Low-context) to +3 (High-context).
Trusting
The Netherlands and Germany sit on the same step
The Netherlands −2, Germany −2, on a line from −3 (Task-based) to +3 (Relationship-based).
Disagreeing
The Netherlands and Germany sit on the same step
The Netherlands −2, Germany −2, on a line from −3 (Confrontational) to +3 (Avoids confrontation).
Hofstede: six dimensions
Scores from 0 to 100, sorted by the gap between the Netherlands and Germany. They describe national averages, not either country's character.
Motivation towards achievement and success
Germany scores 52 points higher than the Netherlands (66 against 14)
The Netherlands 14, Germany 66, on a line from 0 (Consensus-oriented) to 100 (Decisive).
Indulgence
Germany scores 28 points lower than the Netherlands (40 against 68)
The Netherlands 68, Germany 40, on a line from 0 (Restrained) to 100 (Indulgent).
Individualism
Germany scores 21 points lower than the Netherlands (79 against 100)
The Netherlands 100, Germany 79, on a line from 0 (Collectivist) to 100 (Individualist).
Uncertainty avoidance
Germany scores 12 points higher than the Netherlands (65 against 53)
The Netherlands 53, Germany 65, on a line from 0 (Tolerant of ambiguity) to 100 (Avoids ambiguity).
Long-term orientation
Germany scores 10 points lower than the Netherlands (57 against 67)
The Netherlands 67, Germany 57, on a line from 0 (Short-term) to 100 (Long-term).
Power distance
Germany scores 3 points lower than the Netherlands (35 against 38)
The Netherlands 38, Germany 35, on a line from 0 (Low power distance) to 100 (High power distance).
What the sources say, theme by theme
Entries for the Netherlands and Germany, side by side on wide screens. Each keeps its own confidence label and citations.
Design & quality
Netherlands2 claims
Guido van Rossum created Python at CWI in Amsterdam. He names his frustration with ABC's lack of extensibility and the system administration needs of the Amoeba distributed OS group as motives. He started over the 1989 Christmas holidays and released 0.9.0 on 1991-02-20.
Well attested2 sources2009Datednl-design-1
According to Thomke (HBR, 2020), Booking.com runs more than 1,000 experiments at once and over 25,000 a year. Its internal rule is that anyone can test anything without management's permission.
Attested1 source2020nl-design-2
Germany2 claims
Meyer's Culture Map (2014) places Germany near the principles-first end of Persuading and the linear-time end of Scheduling. She describes this as a preference for reasoning from principles to conclusions and for keeping to the plan.
Attested1 source2014Datedde-design-1
In the automotive industry, Automotive SPICE, maintained by VDA QMC, is a de facto condition of doing business. According to itemis, OEMs require suppliers to reach Level 2 to 3 with bidirectional traceability between requirements, design, and tests. This is a customer requirement, not a law.
Attested2 sources2023de-design-2
Failure & risk
Netherlands2 claims
ING moved to a Spotify-style structure of squads and tribes in 2015. In a McKinsey interview (2017), it described each tribe writing down its results and biggest learnings every quarter and celebrating both successes and failures.
Attested1 source2017nl-failure-1
According to Thomke (HBR, 2020), only about 10% of Booking.com's experiments produce positive results; the other 90% or so do not support the hypothesis. The company runs its experiments on that assumption.
Attested1 source2020nl-failure-2
Germany5 claims
In the Randstad-ifo HR survey (Q3 2026, 469 companies), 28% of firms with 500 or more employees said mistakes are discussed openly, against 62% of firms with 49 or fewer. 34% of large firms see their error culture as a barrier to innovation, while 56% of all firms report no effect.
Well attested1 source2026de-failure-1
In a YouGov survey commissioned by AXA (May 2024, 2,132 people), 25% said they cannot admit mistakes at work, rising to 44% among those under 25. 23% expect negative consequences if they disclose a mistake.
Well attested1 source2024de-failure-2
According to an article on an EY survey (around 2023, about 1,000 people in machinery, automotive, finance, and other sectors), 64% of managers did not admit, or only partly admitted, their own mistakes from the past two years.
Attested1 source2023de-failure-3
In a survey by the industry association Bitkom (October 2024), 70% of companies said data protection hinders digitalization. At 63%, innovation projects failed or never started because of data protection rules. A follow-up survey put that share at 77%.
Attested2 sources2024de-failure-4
A study comparing GDPR coverage in Germany, France, the UK, and the US (Sanford & Yasseri, 2021) found that German and French media tend to frame privacy as a fundamental right, while British and American media focus on compliance and commerce.
Attested1 source2021de-failure-5
Feedback & code review
Netherlands2 claims
Erin Meyer cites the Netherlands as an example of giving negative feedback directly on her Evaluating scale, and of open disagreement on her Disagreeing scale. Her book says "the Dutch manager learns always to be honest and to give the message straight."
Attested1 sourcenl-feedback-1
Some expat guides link Dutch directness to polder-model consensus building, explaining that speaking your mind freely is a precondition for reaching agreement.
Thin1 sourcenl-feedback-2
Germany3 claims
The Culture Map (2014) places Germany on the direct side of Evaluating. Meyer describes this as a tendency to deliver negative feedback without softening it.
Attested1 source2014Datedde-feedback-1
One book review explains that Germany is on the confrontational side of Disagreeing, but that German disagreement is objective and emotionally restrained, unlike the expressive confrontation found in France.
Thin1 sourcede-feedback-2
A 2021 review of factors behind pull request decisions cites a study (Rastogi et al., ESEM 2018) finding that pull requests are more likely to be accepted when the submitter and reviewer are in the same country.
Attested1 source2021de-feedback-3
Hierarchy & decisions
Netherlands3 claims
Meyer cites the Netherlands, along with Denmark and Sweden, as an example of an egalitarian culture on her Leading scale. A study guide to The Culture Map places it on the consensual side of the Deciding scale, alongside Sweden and Japan.
Attested2 sourcesnl-hierarchy-1
A study in Contemporary Management Research (2018) analyzed data from 808 managers using structural equation modeling. It found that polder values, reaching pragmatic agreement through consultation and debate, strongly shape the leadership styles Dutch managers prefer.
Well attested1 source2018nl-hierarchy-2
Woldendorp and Keman (2007) reviewed Dutch corporatism from 1965 to 2000 and argue that the polder model has been overrated. Bargaining between the social partners was tough, and the rate of central agreements was low.
Attested1 source2007Datednl-hierarchy-3
Germany3 claims
Meyer classifies Germany as more hierarchical than the United States but also more inclined to build consensus before deciding.
Attested1 source2014Datedde-hierarchy-1
Under BetrVG §87(1) no. 6, introducing technical equipment that can monitor employees' behavior or performance requires codetermination by the works council (Betriebsrat). The test is whether it can be used for monitoring, and in 2022 the Federal Labor Court (1 ABR 20/21) treated Microsoft Office 365 as covered.
Attested2 sources2026de-hierarchy-2
At N26 in Berlin, management opposed a works council election in 2020 and fought it as far as a court injunction. A works council was still elected in November and December that year, with turnout of about 30%.
Attested2 sources2020de-hierarchy-3
Communication & docs
Netherlands2 claims
On her Communicating scale, Meyer lists the Netherlands with the United States, Canada and Australia as examples of low-context (explicit) cultures.
Attested1 sourcenl-communication-1
The practical guide NL Compass says that Dutch workplaces take meeting agendas seriously and that fixing schedules in advance is the norm.
Thin1 source2026nl-communication-2
Germany3 claims
The Culture Map places Germany on the low-context side of Communicating. In Meyer's description, people say things explicitly, repeat points to confirm them, and prefer to put things in writing.
Attested1 source2014Datedde-communication-1
SUP.10 in Automotive SPICE requires change requests to be linked to the affected work products and analyzed in advance. In regulated industries, documentation is also a contractual requirement.
Well attested1 source2023de-communication-2
According to startuprad.io, English is the main working language at Berlin startups. Estimates of the share of foreign employees range from 30% to 49% depending on the source.
Thin1 source2026de-communication-3
Work & careers
Netherlands2 claims
Eurostat reports that actual weekly hours in the main job were 32.1 in 2024, the shortest in the EU (EU average 36.0). The main reason is the high share of part-time work; men in full-time work averaged 38.4 hours (2025).
Well attested2 sources2026nl-work-1
CBS reports that 52% of employed people worked from home at least sometimes in 2023. In the 2022 EU comparison, 12.7% worked from home most of the time, lower than in Finland (23.1%) or Ireland (25.3%).
Well attested1 source2024nl-work-2
Germany5 claims
According to Eurostat, average actual weekly hours in 2024 (ages 20 to 64, full-time and part-time combined) were 33.9 in Germany, below the EU average of 36.0.
Well attested1 source2025de-work-1
In its decision of 13 September 2022 (1 ABR 22/21), the Federal Labor Court held that employers must record working time. Trust-based working time (Vertrauensarbeitszeit), where employees manage their own hours, remains lawful.
Attested2 sources2022de-work-2
According to Destatis, SMEs as defined by the EU made up 99.3% of all enterprises and 54% of persons employed in 2024. IfM Bonn defines the Mittelstand by the unity of ownership and management rather than by size, so it is a separate concept.
Well attested2 sources2024de-work-3
According to a site compiling Eurostat data, about 13.2% of employed people usually worked from home in 2025, above the EU average. Destatis figures cited by Euronews put the share at about 24% in 2024 when occasional home working is included.
Attested2 sources2026de-work-4
According to OECD data for 2019, establishments with 10 or fewer employees are exempt from the standard dismissal protection rules. Dismissals must also be notified to the works council beforehand.
Well attested1 source2019de-work-5
Open source & community
Netherlands2 claims
On 2018-07-12, Guido van Rossum stepped down as Python's BDFL in a python-committers post titled "Transfer of power." He named no successor and left it to the core developers to decide how the project would be governed.
Well attested1 source2018nl-oss-1
ING brought the Spotify model to a large bank, organizing about 350 squads into 13 tribes (McKinsey, 2017).
Attested1 source2017nl-oss-2
Germany5 claims
According to Octoverse 2024, Germany has more than 3.5 million developers on GitHub, up 21% year over year. Octoverse 2025 says the number of German developers more than tripled from 2020 to 2025.
Well attested2 sources2025de-oss-1
- GitHub Octoverse 2024 (2024)
- GitHub Octoverse 2025 (2025)
Germany had the second-largest number of respondents to the Stack Overflow Developer Survey 2025 after the United States (3,022, or 8.6%). This measures participation in the survey, not developers per capita.
Well attested1 source2025de-oss-2
By October 2024, two years after its launch, the Sovereign Tech Fund (now the Sovereign Tech Agency) had invested more than $24.9 million in 60 open source technologies. Recipients include curl, OpenSSH, systemd, PHP, and FFmpeg.
Attested2 sources2024de-oss-3
The CCC's Chaos Communication Congress drew about 15,000 people to 38C3 (December 2024, Hamburg). KDE e.V. was registered in Tübingen in 1997 and is headquartered in Berlin. SUSE was founded in 1992 and is based in Nuremberg.
Attested3 sources2025de-oss-4
In 2024, Schleswig-Holstein announced it would move 30,000 government PCs to LibreOffice and Linux, and the LibreOffice migration was about 80% complete by the end of 2025. The federal government develops openDesk through ZenDiS and released version 1.0 in October 2024.
Attested3 sources2025de-oss-5